LES validation of lock-exchange density currents interacting with an emergent bluff obstacle

We address the capability of large eddy simulation (LES) to predict physics density currents interacting with bluff obstacles. Most interest in engineering and geophysical applications interact obstacles or topographic features. Validating LES solutions these contexts is crucial establish it as a trusted tool. thus propose validation effort based on simple geometries that nonetheless pose challenges common more complex systems, including boundary layer separation convective instabilities. focus lock-exchange gravity slumping phase an emergent vertical circular cylinder. Our main investment was ensuring comparison experimental data numerical results include, at least, velocity fields , derived quantities (e.g., second order moments). Measurements both were performed side plan views for cylinder Reynolds numbers, $$Re_d$$ range 1300 3475. It found accurately predicts temporal evolution current front position. The computed exhibits maximum relative error less than 8%. A good agreement between size shape head, billows found. overall features upstream cylinder, reflected wave, adverse pressure gradient backflow, downstream wake formation new head are well reproduced by LES. time-space spanwise- depth-averaged contours instantaneous not affected .